https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/categories/software-development/ Recent content in Software Development on Software Craftsperson https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/logos/web/png/Color%20logo%20-%20no%20background.png https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/logos/web/png/Color%20logo%20-%20no%20background.png Hugo -- 0.147.1 en Thu, 08 Oct 2026 00:19:06 +0100 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/what-is-an-ai-agent/ Thu, 08 Oct 2026 00:19:06 +0100 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/what-is-an-ai-agent/ An AI agent is a loop: the model proposes, the harness runs tools and feeds results back. How the loop works, how it ends, and why it has no 'impossible' exit. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/prompting-essentials-for-software-engineers/ Sun, 29 Mar 2026 21:43:23 +0100 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/prompting-essentials-for-software-engineers/ Four practical prompting strategies software engineers can use with LLMs to gather better requirements, weigh trade-offs and ship higher-quality code. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/learn-large-language-models-karpathy-resources/ Sat, 07 Mar 2026 21:38:10 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/learn-large-language-models-karpathy-resources/ Start your LLM learning journey with Andrej Karpathy's best talks on pretraining, finetuning, scaling laws, and practical model-building resources. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2026-01-31-ai-assisted-development-caloohpay-journey/ Sat, 31 Jan 2026 10:00:00 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2026-01-31-ai-assisted-development-caloohpay-journey/ How I built CalOohPay, from a CLI tool to a web app, with GitHub Copilot and Claude Sonnet: what AI-assisted coding sped up and why clear constraints mattered. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2022-12-24-unicorn-project-summary/ Sat, 24 Dec 2022 00:16:02 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2022-12-24-unicorn-project-summary/ What I learnt from The Unicorn Project, Gene Kim's follow-up to The Phoenix Project: a summary of the book and its five ideals, from locality to customer focus. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2022-08-07-invisible-work/ Sun, 07 Aug 2022 16:25:57 +0100 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2022-08-07-invisible-work/ What invisible work is, why it hurts leaders and team members alike, and the true story of how one team made its hidden work visible and got it under control. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2022-04-23-az-sp-credential-reset/ Sat, 23 Apr 2022 17:21:09 +0100 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2022-04-23-az-sp-credential-reset/ My GitHub Actions deploy failed because an Azure service principal's client secret had expired. How to reset the credential in the Azure portal or with the CLI. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2022-02-19-git-sub-modules/ Sat, 19 Feb 2022 20:39:46 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2022-02-19-git-sub-modules/ What Git submodules are and how to use them: adding a repository as a submodule, cloning a repo that has submodules, and pulling the submodule's latest version. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2022-02-14-agile-scrum-series/ Mon, 14 Feb 2022 02:13:20 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2022-02-14-agile-scrum-series/ What is Agile, what is Scrum, and are they the same thing? The Agile values, Scrum's three pillars of empiricism, its values and its three accountabilities. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2022-01-30-good-quality-assurance/ Sun, 30 Jan 2022 16:24:06 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2022-01-30-good-quality-assurance/ How to build quality in from day one with lean QA: teams owning quality, cutting waste in testing, finding bugs sooner and getting everyone doing agile testing. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2022-01-23-shell-customize-mac-linux/ Sun, 23 Jan 2022 10:10:13 -0800 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2022-01-23-shell-customize-mac-linux/ How I customised my terminal prompt on macOS and Linux to show the current git branch and more, coming back to the command line as an engineering manager. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2021-09-19-az-fn-di-opts/ Fri, 22 Oct 2021 22:25:15 +0100 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2021-09-19-az-fn-di-opts/ Using the options pattern and dependency injection for settings in Azure Functions, and the local.settings.json naming rules I had been ignoring. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2021-08-09-ci-cd-deploy-strategies/ Sun, 29 Aug 2021 16:36:18 +0100 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2021-08-09-ci-cd-deploy-strategies/ What DevOps, continuous integration, continuous delivery and continuous deployment mean, why they matter and why many companies still don't practise them. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2021-07-24-software-architecture/ Sat, 24 Jul 2021 15:37:38 +0100 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2021-07-24-software-architecture/ What software architecture is, what a software architect does and how architecture differs from design, with an example of improving a system's design. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2021-06-29-az-pipeline-test-coverage/ Tue, 29 Jun 2021 11:44:22 +0100 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2021-06-29-az-pipeline-test-coverage/ Azure Pipelines and dotnet core test coverage: How to configure your pipeline to generate test code coverage for continuous integration quality checks. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2021-06-22-az-ad-sql-conn/ Sat, 26 Jun 2021 11:44:22 +0100 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2021-06-22-az-ad-sql-conn/ Connecting EF Core to Azure SQL with Azure AD access tokens, the right way, using a DbConnectionInterceptor, plus the newer connection-string-only option. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2021-06-06-proxy-reverse/ Sun, 06 Jun 2021 15:25:41 +0100 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2021-06-06-proxy-reverse/ What a proxy server and a reverse proxy are, what each one is useful for and how they differ, explained simply for developers new to networking. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2021-05-15-git-case-sensitivity/ Sat, 15 May 2021 22:50:18 +0100 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2021-05-15-git-case-sensitivity/ How a mixed-case project name on Windows broke my GitHub Actions build on Linux: Git's case sensitivity, why it bit me and how to fix and avoid the problem. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2021-05-09-cohesion-coupling/ Sun, 09 May 2021 22:55:34 +0100 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2021-05-09-cohesion-coupling/ What cohesion and coupling mean in software design, where the ideas came from in structured design, and how they differ, with references for further reading. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2021-05-04-problem-details/ Sat, 08 May 2021 15:30:08 +0100 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2021-05-04-problem-details/ How to return consistent API errors with ProblemDetails in ASP.NET Core: what RFC 7807 problem details are, handling exceptions and customising responses. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2021-05-07-dotnet/ Fri, 07 May 2021 21:48:44 +0100 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2021-05-07-dotnet/ ASP.NET, .NET Framework, .NET Core: what each one is, how they differ, what the ASP part means and how server-side web apps work, explained in plain terms. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2021-04-25-event-storming/ Sun, 25 Apr 2021 18:41:27 +0100 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2021-04-25-event-storming/ What Event Storming is and how it uncovers hidden domain complexity: domain events, hotspots, external systems and running Big Picture Event Storming workshops. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2021-04-08-why-domain-driven-design/ Thu, 08 Apr 2021 22:38:30 +0100 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2021-04-08-why-domain-driven-design/ Why Domain-Driven Design helps tame complex software: how complexity creeps in, how misunderstood problems derail projects, and why talking to users matters. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2021-03-12-web-api-versioning/ Fri, 12 Mar 2021 22:35:38 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2021-03-12-web-api-versioning/ How to version an ASP.NET Core Web API without breaking the clients that consume it, illustrated with a sample weather forecast API on GitHub. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2021-01-24-azure-functions-overview-and-tutorial/ Sun, 24 Jan 2021 22:44:00 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2021-01-24-azure-functions-overview-and-tutorial/ An introduction to Azure Functions, with a hands-on GitHub tutorial that builds an HTTP-triggered function and sends its output to an Azure Storage queue. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2021-01-14-quirky-arrays-in-c/ Thu, 14 Jan 2021 21:30:16 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2021-01-14-quirky-arrays-in-c/ Why C# arrays caught me out on a matrix transpose problem: single-dimensional, multidimensional (rectangular) and jagged arrays explained in plain words. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2021-01-10-hashset-in-csharp/ Sun, 10 Jan 2021 13:08:58 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2021-01-10-hashset-in-csharp/ How HashSet<T> stores unique elements in C#, with console examples of UnionWith, ExceptWith and SymmetricExceptWith, and a look at its performance. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-12-20-application-insights-in-net-core-app/ Sun, 20 Dec 2020 12:15:55 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-12-20-application-insights-in-net-core-app/ What Application Insights is and how it works in a .NET Core app: adding the NuGet package and instrumentation key, and the telemetry it collects for you. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-12-06-semantic-versioning-semver-introduction/ Sun, 06 Dec 2020 18:33:07 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-12-06-semantic-versioning-semver-introduction/ What semantic versioning is and why it matters: major, minor and patch versions explained with examples, and how npm uses caret and tilde in package.json. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-12-06-node-get-started/ Sun, 06 Dec 2020 17:37:59 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-12-06-node-get-started/ Getting started with Node: what the runtime is, how npm fits in, and the different ways to run JavaScript with it, starting with the REPL mode. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-12-06-node-and-npm-the-intro-i-wish-i-got-when-i-began-web-development/ Sun, 06 Dec 2020 14:30:00 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-12-06-node-and-npm-the-intro-i-wish-i-got-when-i-began-web-development/ The introduction to Node and npm I wish I'd had: what a JavaScript runtime is, why Node took off, and what npm, its package manager, does for you. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-11-28-application-insights-serilog-and-net-core/ Sat, 28 Nov 2020 07:27:55 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-11-28-application-insights-serilog-and-net-core/ Setting up Application Insights with Serilog in a .NET Core app: what Application Insights does, why logging deserves attention, and how to wire it up. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-11-08-feature-toggles/ Sun, 08 Nov 2020 16:07:49 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-11-08-feature-toggles/ What feature toggles are, the two broad types, and how pairing them with trunk-based development makes continuous integration far less painful. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-10-31-static-website-as-an-azure-appservice/ Sat, 31 Oct 2020 21:06:06 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-10-31-static-website-as-an-azure-appservice/ Building a static responsive website with the viewport meta tag and CSS Flexbox, then hosting it on Azure App Service with a custom domain and an SSL binding. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-11-12-ef-core-3-1-part-4/ Sun, 25 Oct 2020 17:53:59 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-11-12-ef-core-3-1-part-4/ Entity Framework Core 3.1, part 4: when to use database views, stored procedures and raw SQL with EF Core, and how to keep them in your migrations. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-10-25-ef-core-3-1-part-3/ Sun, 25 Oct 2020 17:22:33 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-10-25-ef-core-3-1-part-3/ Entity Framework Core 3.1, part 3: updating related data when the context isn't tracking it, and working with many-to-many relationships and join tables. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-10-25-ef-core-3-1-part-2/ Sun, 25 Oct 2020 17:16:49 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-10-25-ef-core-3-1-part-2/ Entity Framework Core 3.1, part 2: reading and writing data, how change tracking works behind SaveChanges, and logging the SQL EF Core generates. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-10-24-ef-core-3-1-part-1/ Sun, 25 Oct 2020 17:04:36 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-10-24-ef-core-3-1-part-1/ Entity Framework Core 3.1, part 1: what an ORM is, what EF Core brings to .NET, and the essentials of data models and migrations you must know. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-10-04-docker/ Sun, 04 Oct 2020 11:58:01 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-10-04-docker/ When should you use a container? What containers, Docker, virtual machines and hypervisors are, how containers compare with VMs and why Docker took off. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-10-03-git-part-5-reset-and-further/ Sat, 03 Oct 2020 13:30:31 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-10-03-git-part-5-reset-and-further/ A practical introduction to Git, part 5: undoing changes with git reset, and how git reflog helps you recover work you thought you had lost for good. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-10-03-git-part-4-branching-and-more/ Sat, 03 Oct 2020 13:09:57 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-10-03-git-part-4-branching-and-more/ A practical introduction to Git, part 4: what branches and HEAD are, and the two ways to integrate changes between branches, merging and rebasing. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-10-03-git-part-3-hands-on/ Sat, 03 Oct 2020 12:39:45 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-10-03-git-part-3-hands-on/ A practical introduction to Git, part 3: hands-on commands to create a repository, configure Git, check status, make commits and browse the commit history. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-10-03-git-part-2-some-essential-concepts/ Sat, 03 Oct 2020 12:36:03 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-10-03-git-part-2-some-essential-concepts/ A practical introduction to Git, part 2: remotes and hosting platforms, cloning and fetching, and how Git stores your work as trees, blobs and commits. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-10-03-git-part-1-an-introduction/ Sat, 03 Oct 2020 12:30:48 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-10-03-git-part-1-an-introduction/ A practical introduction to Git, part 1: what version control is and why you need it, how to install Git, and getting started with Git Bash on Windows. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-09-16-software-and-invisibility/ Wed, 16 Sep 2020 20:29:26 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-09-16-software-and-invisibility/ Software development is invisible to most stakeholders. Why '90% done' worries people, and practical ways engineers can make their progress visible. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-06-27-software-design-why/ Sat, 27 Jun 2020 14:31:41 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2020-06-27-software-design-why/ Why jumping straight into code backfires: what software design is, why requirements are never a complete spec, and how a design blueprint helps. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2016-02-14-linq-watchout-for-slow-queries/ Sun, 14 Feb 2016 19:19:00 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2016-02-14-linq-watchout-for-slow-queries/ Why LINQ queries can get slow: lessons from an inherited job scheduling app whose core table used a GUID primary key as a clustered index, and what to look for. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2014-07-27-getting-to-know-linq/ Sun, 27 Jul 2014 20:54:00 +0100 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2014-07-27-getting-to-know-linq/ An introduction to LINQ, Language Integrated Query in C#: what it is, the query and lambda syntaxes, and the basics of querying databases with it. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2014-04-21-refactoring-code-written-by-others/ Mon, 21 Apr 2014 01:26:00 +0100 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2014-04-21-refactoring-code-written-by-others/ Refactoring a legacy codebase written by others: why special-casing scenarios is the enemy of maintainability, and why I find refactoring rewarding. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2014-02-09-perl-catalyst-vbox-network/ Sun, 09 Feb 2014 22:35:00 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2014-02-09-perl-catalyst-vbox-network/ Running the Perl Catalyst tutorial's virtual machine inside another VM on Ubuntu, and configuring the VirtualBox network adapter and NAT so the nested VM works. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2014-02-09-perl-catalyst-tutorial-needs-us-to/ Sun, 09 Feb 2014 11:29:00 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2014-02-09-perl-catalyst-tutorial-needs-us-to/ Getting started with Catalyst, a popular Perl MVC web framework, and why its official tutorial asks you to download and run a ready-made virtual machine. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2014-02-05-perl-module-installation-ubuntu/ Wed, 05 Feb 2014 22:59:00 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2014-02-05-perl-module-installation-ubuntu/ A quick tip for Ubuntu: install a Perl module from CPAN in a single line with perl -MCPAN -e 'install ModuleName', run with sudo for a system-wide install. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2014-02-02-perl-modules-and-path-on-disk/ Sun, 02 Feb 2014 20:51:00 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2014-02-02-perl-modules-and-path-on-disk/ How to find where a Perl module is installed on disk, so the CPAN module versions behind your scripts stay consistent across different operating systems. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2013-11-06-vertica-and-k-safety/ Wed, 06 Nov 2013 01:41:00 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2013-11-06-vertica-and-k-safety/ What K-safety means in Vertica: how duplicate copies of projections keep the cluster available when nodes fail, and why a table can't go below the system's K. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2013-11-04-perl-autovivification/ Mon, 04 Nov 2013 23:41:00 +0000 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2013-11-04-perl-autovivification/ What autovivification means in Perl: how assigning to a non-existent entry in a nested hash silently creates the missing levels, and when that can bite you. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2013-10-14-software-engineers-should-read-this/ Mon, 14 Oct 2013 10:21:00 +0100 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2013-10-14-software-engineers-should-read-this/ A short recommendation: every programmer should read and understand Martin Fowler's IEEE Software column on making implicit design and behaviour explicit. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2013-09-24-squirrel-graphical-user-interface-for/ Tue, 24 Sep 2013 17:21:00 +0100 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2013-09-24-squirrel-graphical-user-interface-for/ Setting up SQuirreL SQL, a free, open-source Java database client, as a graphical interface for HP Vertica: adding the driver, an alias and the connection. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2013-09-12-vertica-query-performance-tuning/ Thu, 12 Sep 2013 13:36:00 +0100 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2013-09-12-vertica-query-performance-tuning/ An introduction to Vertica query performance tuning: how tables map to projections across nodes, and the changes that sped up my own slow analytical queries. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2013-06-24-vertica-and-its-version-find-out-using/ Mon, 24 Jun 2013 22:09:00 +0100 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2013-06-24-vertica-and-its-version-find-out-using/ How to find out which version of Vertica you are running with a simple SQL query, even on a shared development cluster without database administrator access. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2013-06-18-exploring-verticas-interpolate-predicate/ Tue, 18 Jun 2013 00:55:00 +0100 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2013-06-18-exploring-verticas-interpolate-predicate/ Exploring Vertica's INTERPOLATE predicate, which joins tables and fills gaps with the last known value, with simple examples and the case that stumped me. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2013-06-18-vertica-calendar-table-with-dates-from/ Tue, 18 Jun 2013 00:50:00 +0100 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2013-06-18-vertica-calendar-table-with-dates-from/ How to build a calendar table of every date between a start and end date in Vertica using plain SQL rather than a stored procedure, with a Stack Overflow link. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2013-06-05-viewing-function-definitions-in-vertica/ Wed, 05 Jun 2013 09:28:00 +0100 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2013-06-05-viewing-function-definitions-in-vertica/ Why reading user-defined function definitions from Vertica's USER_FUNCTIONS table truncates them, and how EXPORT_OBJECTS() shows the full source instead. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2013-06-05-setup-dbvisualizer-with-hp-vertica-db/ Wed, 05 Jun 2013 00:03:00 +0100 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2013-06-05-setup-dbvisualizer-with-hp-vertica-db/ Step-by-step setup of DbVisualizer with an HP Vertica database connection on Windows: installing the JDBC driver, configuring it and connecting to the cluster. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2013-06-03-mysql-partitioning-tutorial/ Mon, 03 Jun 2013 20:57:00 +0100 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2013-06-03-mysql-partitioning-tutorial/ A pointer to a clear MySQL partitioning tutorial that helped me partition data by how it is accessed, while mapping an object database into a relational one. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2013-05-30-vsql-extract-data-into-file/ Thu, 30 May 2013 17:34:00 +0100 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2013-05-30-vsql-extract-data-into-file/ How to extract query results from a vsql session straight into a file, ready to paste into Excel for someone less familiar with Vertica, without a script. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2013-05-30-vertica-delete-columns-from-one-table/ Thu, 30 May 2013 16:34:00 +0100 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2013-05-30-vertica-delete-columns-from-one-table/ How to delete rows in one Vertica table based on matching records in another, when Vertica doesn't support joins in DELETE statements the way MySQL does. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2012-07-18-surrogate-keys-vs-natural-keys/ Wed, 18 Jul 2012 13:37:00 +0100 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2012-07-18-surrogate-keys-vs-natural-keys/ Surrogate keys or natural keys? Designing tables for financial securities that carry many real-world identifiers, such as SEDOL, CUSIP and ISIN codes. https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2012-07-18-static-in-c/ Wed, 18 Jul 2012 11:02:00 +0100 https://www.softwarecraftsperson.com/posts/2012-07-18-static-in-c/ The static keyword in C++ means different things in different contexts: variables that live for the whole program, and class members shared by every object.